Jask port, with its geopolitical location in the east of the Strait of Hormuz in the Oman Sea, is of strategic importance for Iran in terms of energy security, economy, and military.

The connection between the Hashd al‑Sha’abi and the outbreak of the anti-government protests in 2019 known as the Tishreen (October) protest movement uprising is often overlooked due to the presupposed distinctions between both events.

For Türkiye, in the framework of the “Asia Anew Initiative”, the ITI Corridor, bypassing the Suez Canal, provides safer and shorter access to the Indian Ocean and South Asian markets.

The main Iranian activities in Western Balkan were the opening of colleges, institutes of study, translation and publication of books and magazines.

The regional equation, along with Iran’s and the PKK’s positioning in this equation, shapes the general characteristic of the Iran-PKK relationship.

In terms of energy (both fossil-based and green), geopolitics, geoeconomics, trade, finance, health and digital security, and media and soft power, China’s influence in the region has been growing in the past two decades.