On June 13, 2025, Israel launched a series of coordinated strikes against the Islamic Republic of Iran, igniting an intense twelve-day conflict that lasted until June 24. This confrontation stands as one of the most consequential inflection points the Islamic republic has faced since its founding. At the outset, the confrontation exposed critical vulnerabilities in Iran’s intelligence, defense and deterrence architecture. However, after the initial shock Iran mounted a series of retaliatory strikes against Israel. Nevertheless, once the fighting subsided, the confrontation prompted a far-reaching reassessment of Iran’s political, social, and strategic priorities. The shock of the conflict has produced a pivotal juncture –one whose outcomes will decisively shape the trajectory of the Islamic republic’s domestic governance and foreign policy in the years to come. ...

Download the PDF to read the full report.